In the 1870s Lewis Edson Waterman invented his Three Fissue Feed system which used an intake of air to control the ink flow. This led to the widespread use of a reliable fountain pen, and made the portable pen a reality. In 1894 Parker Pens invented the lucky curve feed system which drained the ink back into the reservoir when not in use.
These early fountain pens were called eyedropper pens because you had to drip in a days supply of ink using the dropper provided. They were prone to leakage, so a new version was introduced by Waterman called the Safety Pen.
The sac filler system soon followed which was much faster and cleaner to fill. In the 1930s the piston filler was introduced by Pelikan and proved immensely popular because it allowed greater ink capacity. All these developments form the basis of the modern day fountain pen.
Now that fountain pens were reliable, people demanded that they were also a fashionable item. In the early days of pen manufacturing, they were made from hard rubber which was available in limited colours and mainly black. In 1924 Sheaffer used celluloid (made from plant fibers) for the first time which meant pens could be made in a large range of exciting colours. Perhaps the last greatest advance in fountain pen technology was by Waterman, who in 1936 invented the disposable cartridge pen.
The first patent on a ballpoint pen was issues in 1888. It wasnt until Laszlo Biros new patent in 1943 though that the ballpoint pen went into commercial production. The ballpen uses a tiny ball that picks up oil based ink as the pen moves along the paper. In the 1960s the felt tip pen was invented by Yukio Horie from Japan. The rollerball pen was finally introduced in the early 1980s, operating like a ballpen but using liquid ink for smoother ink flow.
These early fountain pens were called eyedropper pens because you had to drip in a days supply of ink using the dropper provided. They were prone to leakage, so a new version was introduced by Waterman called the Safety Pen.
The sac filler system soon followed which was much faster and cleaner to fill. In the 1930s the piston filler was introduced by Pelikan and proved immensely popular because it allowed greater ink capacity. All these developments form the basis of the modern day fountain pen.
Now that fountain pens were reliable, people demanded that they were also a fashionable item. In the early days of pen manufacturing, they were made from hard rubber which was available in limited colours and mainly black. In 1924 Sheaffer used celluloid (made from plant fibers) for the first time which meant pens could be made in a large range of exciting colours. Perhaps the last greatest advance in fountain pen technology was by Waterman, who in 1936 invented the disposable cartridge pen.
The first patent on a ballpoint pen was issues in 1888. It wasnt until Laszlo Biros new patent in 1943 though that the ballpoint pen went into commercial production. The ballpen uses a tiny ball that picks up oil based ink as the pen moves along the paper. In the 1960s the felt tip pen was invented by Yukio Horie from Japan. The rollerball pen was finally introduced in the early 1980s, operating like a ballpen but using liquid ink for smoother ink flow.
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